English VS Indonesian Poetry (Definition, Types and Examples)
Name : Rahmah Rianti
SRN : 1801121270
Class : A
1. What is poetry? Based on your opinion.
ð Poetry is a very expressive type of literature. Poetry is a literary work which is the contents contain words that mean figuratively and poetry as a manifestation of imagination. Poetry is another way of using language. Poetry expresses the thoughts and feelings of the author or is called a poet. It could be an outpouring of heart, from a poet inviting other people to "her/his world". It's a form of self-expression.
2. What are genres of English Poetry? Give an example of each genres.
ð There are three main genres of English Poetry: lyric, narrative, and dramatic.
Lyric Poetry
Lyric Poetry is especially song-like and emotional. Lyric poetry/poems don’t necessarily tell a story, but focus on more personal emotions, attitudes, and the author's state of mind.
Example;
“How Do I Love Thee”
by Elizabeth
Barrett Browning
(Browning approaches the equally large topic of love)
How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.
I love thee to the depth and breadth and height
My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight
For the ends of Being and ideal Grace
I love thee to the level of everyday's
Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light.
I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;
I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.
I love thee with the passion put to use
In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith
I love thee with a love I seem to love
With my lost saints, - I love thee with the breath,
Smiles, tears, of all my life! - and, if God choose,
I shall but love thee better after death.
Narrative Poetry
A narrative poetry/poems tells a story. Typically, these can be read aloud and will maintain the audience's attention due to their rhythmic movement. Narrative poetry tends to set the scene and describe what's happening.
Example ;
“The Raven”
by Edgar Allan Poe
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,
Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore-
While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,
As of someone gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.
"Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door-
Only this and nothing more."
Dramatic Poetry
Dramatic poetry/poems encompasses a highly emotional story that's written in verse and meant to be recited. It usually tells a story or refers to a specific situation. Dramatic poetry tends to lead with a main character entering the scene and speaking.
Example ;
"The Dream Called Life"
by Pedro Calderon de la Barca
DREAM it was in which I found myself.
And you that hail me now, then hailed me king,
In a brave palace that was all my own,
Within, and all without it, mine; until,
Drunk with excess of majesty and pride,
Methought I towered so big and swelled so wide
That of myself I burst the glittering bubble
Which my ambition had about me blown
And all again was darkness. Such a dream
As this, in which I may be walking now,
Dispensing solemn justice to you shadows,
Who make believe to listen; but anon
Kings, princes, captains, warriors, plume and steel,
Ay, even with all your airy theater,
May flit into the air you seem to rend
3. What are genres of Indonesian Poetry? Give an example of each genres.
ð In Indonesia, there are three types of poetry, namely Puisi Terikat, Puisi Bebas, dan Puisi Inkonvensional.
Puisi Terikat
Puisi terikat merupakan jenis puisi yang mengacu pada aturan-aturan tertentu. Puisi terikat identik dengan puisi lama.
Contoh;
GURINDAM
DUA BELAS
karya: Raja Ali Haji
Fasal 1
barang siapa tiada memegang agama
sekali-kali tiada boleh dibilangkan nama
barang siapa mengenal yang empat
maka yaitulah orang yang makrifat
barang siapa mengenal Allah
suruh dan tegahnya tiada ia menyalah
barang siapa mengenal diri
maka telah mengenal akan tuhan yang bahri
barang siapa mengenal dunia
tahulah ia barang yang terperdaya
barang siapa mengenal akhirat
tahulah ia dunia mudharat
Puisi Bebas
Puisi bebas adalah puisi yang tidak terikat oleh aturan-aturan tertentu seperti rima, jumlah baris dalam bait, jumlah bait, atau jumlah suku kata (Setiawan, KBBI Luring, 2010-2013).
Contoh;
“AKU”
Kalau sampai waktuku
Ku mau tak seorang kan merayu
Tidak juga kau
Tak perlu sedu sedan itu
Aku ini binatang jalang
Dari kumpulannya terbuang
Biar peluru menembus kulitku
Aku tetap meradang menerjang
Luka dan bisa kubawa berlari
Berlari
Hingga hilang pedih peri
Dan aku akan lebih tidak peduli
Aku mau hidup seribu tahun lagi
(Chairil Anwar, Kerikil Tajam)
Puisi Inkonvensional
Puisi inkonvensional ialah puisi yang tidak mengikuti aturan.
Contoh;
“NELAYAN”
Di tengah laut
Seorang nelayan berseru
Tuhan bikin laut
Beta bikin perahu
Tuhan bikin angin
Beta bikin layar
Tiba-tiba perahunya terguling
Akh,
Beta main-main
Tuhan sungguh-sungguh
(Jeihan Sukmantoro, 1974)
References:
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-poems.html
http://mainingrum.blogspot.com/2011/07/jenis-jenis-puisi-contohnya-puisi.html
https://www.herryflawless.web.id/2014/04/jenis-puisi-indonesia-dilihat-dari.html
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